JustConvertAll-in-One Convert

Typographic Replacements

Replace ASCII shortcuts with proper typographic characters instantly. Converts -- to em dash, ... to ellipsis, (c) to ©, (r) to ®, and more. Free — runs entirely in your browser.

Related Tools

Markdown → HTML

Convert Markdown to clean HTML instantly. Supports GFM, tables, code blocks, and more.

Case Converter

Convert text to camelCase, PascalCase, snake_case, kebab-case, and more — all at once.

HTML → Markdown

Convert HTML to clean Markdown instantly. Supports headings, links, lists, tables, and code blocks.

Advertisement

Professional typography uses a richer set of punctuation characters than the limited ASCII set available on standard keyboards. Double hyphens (--) are conventionally typeset as em dashes (—) for parenthetical asides; triple dots (...) are replaced with the ellipsis character (…) which is a single glyph with refined spacing; the letter sequences (c), (r), and (tm) correspond to the copyright ©, registered trademark ®, and trademark ™ symbols.

These substitutions are defined by typographic convention dating back to metal type composition. The Chicago Manual of Style, AP Stylebook, and most publisher style guides specify em dashes and ellipses as required characters in professionally typeset text. Modern word processors apply these replacements automatically through their autocorrect systems, but plain text editors, Markdown files, terminal output, and code comments require manual conversion.

This tool applies a predefined set of typographic replacements in one pass using JavaScript string substitution. The replacements include: -- → em dash, --- → en dash (where applicable), ... → ellipsis, (c) → ©, (r) → ®, (tm) → ™, and optionally straight quotes to curly quotes. The result is print-ready text with proper typographic characters in place of ASCII approximations.

Common Use Cases

Polishing Markdown documentation for publishing

Technical writers who draft documentation in Markdown or plain text editors use ASCII approximations for typographic characters because they are keyboard-accessible. Before publishing to a documentation site (Docusaurus, GitBook, Notion), running typographic replacements converts -- to em dashes and ... to ellipses, producing polished output that matches the typographic quality of the rendered site's prose.

Converting plaintext email drafts to typographic quality

Email newsletters drafted in plain text or Markdown use ASCII approximations for dashes and symbols. Email marketing platforms (Mailchimp, Campaign Monitor, HubSpot) render HTML email, so converting the text content to proper typographic characters before import produces professional-looking campaigns. The ™ and ® symbols are particularly important for brand names that require correct trademark notation.

Preparing press releases and legal documents

Press releases, legal briefs, and formal business correspondence follow strict typographic conventions. The em dash is standard for parenthetical remarks in formal prose ('The acquisition — valued at $2.5B — closes next quarter'), and the registered trademark symbol must appear on first use of trademarked brand names. Typographic replacement converts a draft written in plain text to professionally formatted copy.

All Replacements