NFC — Canonical Decomposition followed by Canonical Composition. The most common form used on the web and in most APIs.
NFD — Canonical Decomposition. Characters are decomposed into base characters and combining marks (e.g. é → e + combining acute accent).
NFKC — Compatibility Decomposition followed by Canonical Composition. Converts visually similar characters to their canonical equivalents (e.g. fi → fi).
NFKD — Compatibility Decomposition. Fully decomposes characters including compatibility equivalents.